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Visual Disabilities

Visual disabilities reduce one’s ability to see clearly. Very few people are totally blind. Some have limited vision such as tunnel vision, where a person has a loss of peripheral or side vision, or a lack of central vision, which means they cannot see straight ahead. Some can see the outline of objects while others can see the direction of light. Impaired vision can restrict a person’s ability to read signs, locate landmarks or see hazards. In some cases, it may be difficult to tell if a person has a visual disability. Others may use a guide dog or white cane.

Here are some suggestions to help you interact with people with visual disabilities:

  • Identify yourself when you approach the person and speak directly to them.
  • Speak normally and clearly.
  • Avoid referring to the disability or using phrases like “handicapped”.
  • Unless it is an emergency, only touch the person if you have been given permission.
  • If you offer assistance, wait until your receive permission.
  • Offer your arm (the elbow) to guide the person and walk slowly.
  • Service animals are working and have to pay attention at all times. Refrain from engaging with the animal.
  • If you’re giving directions or verbal information, be precise and clear. For example, if you’re approaching a door or an obstacle, say so.
  • Don’t just assume the individual can’t see you.
  • When entering a room, show the individual to a chair, or guide them to a comfortable location.
  • Identify landmarks or other details to orient the person to the environment around them.
  • Ensure you say good-bye prior to leaving the individual.
  • Be patient. Things may take a little longer.

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